VDR Gene and Risk of Asthma

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Asthma affects over 25 million Americans, causing wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. While environmental triggers like allergens and air pollution can bring on asthma attacks, genetics also play a role. Research suggests that vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene variations may influence asthma susceptibility.

The VDR gene provides instructions for making the vitamin D receptor protein which binds vitamin D and controls its effects in the body. Vitamin D is known to regulate immune function and inflammation. Several studies have now linked certain variations (called polymorphisms) in the VDR gene to increased asthma risk.

One of the most extensively studied polymorphisms is known as FokI. People with the FF genotype for this variant appear to have higher odds of developing asthma compared to those with the ff genotype, according to meta-analyses. In one study, children with the FF genotype had a 43% higher risk of asthma compared to those with ff.

Other VDR polymorphisms associated with asthma risk include BsmI, TaqI and ApaI. A 2010 meta-analysis found that having certain versions of these gene variants increased asthma susceptibility by 1.5 times. However, the results varied between ethnic groups, highlighting the need for more research.

So how might VDR gene variations lead to asthma? Researchers believe the polymorphisms alter immune system regulation and airway inflammation. Vitamin D also has anti-inflammatory effects, so reduced vitamin D activity could aggravate inflammation. Mouse studies suggest vitamin D supplementation may protect against asthma by reducing airway smooth muscle mass.

Currently, there are no genetic tests to screen for VDR polymorphisms. But identifying at-risk genotypes could help customize prevention strategies. For example, those with an asthma-linked VDR variant could benefit from ensuring adequate vitamin D levels through sunlight, diet or supplementation. Avoiding triggers like pet dander may also be advisable.

While promising, more studies in diverse populations are still needed to confirm the VDR gene's role in asthma. Gene-environment interactions are also important to consider. But the research so far highlights how vitamin D biology and genetics may influence this chronic respiratory disease affecting millions worldwide.


Related Supplements

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  1. Vitamin D

    Several studies have found vitamin D supplementation may improve asthma control and lung function. Vitamin D has anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating effects.

  2. Magnesium

    Magnesium acts as a bronchodilator, and some evidence suggests supplementation may reduce bronchial hyperreactivity and drug treatment needs in people with asthma.

  3. Omega-3 fatty acids

    Omega-3s from fish oil may help reduce airway inflammation. Some studies found fish oil supplements improved lung function and reduced medication use in asthmatics.

  4. Vitamin C

    Some research indicates vitamin C supplements can improve lung function and asthma symptoms due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

  5. B vitamins

    The B vitamins riboflavin and pyridoxine may help increase glutathione levels and reduce asthma severity by acting as antioxidants.

  6. Quercetin

    This antioxidant plant flavonoid found in foods like apples may improve asthma symptoms and lung function.

  7. Probiotics

    Probiotic supplements may reduce risk of asthma in children by balancing gut bacteria and improving immunity. Specific strains like Lactobacillus gasseri show benefits.

  8. Selenium

    Selenium is an antioxidant mineral that may reduce oxidative stress involved in asthma. Some studies find it improves asthma control.

It is essential to consult your healthcare provider before starting any of these supplements. They can have side effects, and some may interact with medications or other supplements you're already taking.
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VDR, Asthma