St. John's wort
St. John's wort as it relates to DILI in Health report: Genetics of Antibiotics-Induced Liver Injury
St. John's Wort and DILI
There have been reports of individuals developing liver damage after taking St. John's wort. The exact mechanism by which St. John's wort can cause liver injury is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to the herb's ability to induce certain liver enzymes that can affect the metabolism of other drugs and toxins.
It is important to note that not everyone who takes St. John's wort will experience liver damage, and the risk of DILI may be higher in individuals who are taking other medications that are metabolized by the same liver enzymes.
Symptoms of DILI
Symptoms of drug-induced liver injury can vary and may include jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and dark urine. If you experience any of these symptoms while taking St. John's wort, it is important to stop taking the supplement and consult a healthcare provider immediately.
Conclusion
While St. John's wort is generally considered safe for most people when taken at recommended doses, there is a potential risk of liver injury associated with its use. It is important to be aware of this risk and to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen, especially if you are taking other medications.
Supplements for DILI
Here are some dietary supplements related to the content in this report. Click the shopping cart to purchase the supplement from our partners.
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Green tea extract
Contains catechins which may increase oxidative stress and liver cell damage when combined with hepatotoxic antibiotics.
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Greater celandine
Alkaloids like chelidonine may further impair liver function when the organ is under stress from antibiotics.
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Chaparral
Nordamnacanthal is a quinone that could synergistically increase antibiotic liver toxicity through mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Germander
Diterpenoids may amplify antibiotic liver injury by disrupting bile salt export and causing cholestasis.
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Mistletoe
Contains toxic lectins which could worsen immunological reactions or alter detox pathways of antibiotic metabolites.
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Skullcap
Flavonoids may inhibit pathways involved in hepatic metabolism and clearance of antibiotics from the liver.
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Valerian
Isovaltrate and other constituents thought to directly damage cell membranes, potentially worsening antibiotic hepatocellular toxicity.
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Kava kava
Kavalactones like desmethoxyyangonin may inhibit CYP450 liver enzymes important for antibiotic clearance.
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St. John's wort
Hyperforin alters PXR nuclear receptors and could decrease bile acid transport, contributing to antibiotic cholestasis.
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Ginseng
Ginsenosides may inhibit P-glycoprotein transporters important for antibiotic efflux from hepatocytes, allowing accumulation of toxic levels.
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Aloe vera
Anthraquinone glycosides possibly damage cell membranes and worsen antibiotic-mediated liver cell necrosis.
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Ashwagandha
Withanolides thought to cause oxidative stress which synergizes with redox-cycling antibiotic metabolites.
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Andrographis
Diterpene lactones may reduce bile acid secretion and flow, contributing to cholestatic injury.
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Noni juice
Anthraquinones could impair mitochondrial function and increase antibiotic hepatotoxicity.
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Peppermint oil
Menthol interferes with CYP450s and UGTs involved in antibiotic metabolism and clearance.
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Kratom
Mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine are metabolized in liver and could enhance antibiotic toxicity.
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Ephedra
Ephedrine alkaloids may deplete glutathione and reduce the liver's defense against antibiotic oxidative damage.
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